Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. Jill Goldenziel writes & consults on security, law, & business risk. Proportionality in war does not mean balancing number of ...

The request is straightforward enough – "Please send me all of my data". But that short message could trigger a painstaking search of your systems that requires reviewing and redacting hundreds of ...

The 2006 Israel-Lebanon war generated the first large-scale and systemA,A!ic references to a heretofore mostly ignored law of war concept, the doctrine of proportionality. Occasional references to ...

abstract. Proportionality, accepted as a general principle of constitutional law by many countries, requires that government intrusions on freedoms be justified, that greater intrusions have stronger ...

Over the past decade, proportionality has become a defining feature of federal discovery practice, particularly in the context of electronically stored information (ESI).

A thorough and well-reasoned approach to demonstrating proportionality increases the chances of success in litigation. The proportionality requirement aims to ensure that discovery requests are ...

A number of obstacles arise when attempting to assess if costs in civil litigation are proportionate, says Paul Taylor. The Jackson civil litigation reforms introduced in April 2013 have the concept ...

Recently, the Constitution Reform Commission (CRC) has made certain reform proposals to be brought to the Constitution. Two main reforms are central to the CRC's proposal relating to fundamental ...

To determine whether something can be said to pass the test of proportionality, courts in India typically take a four-pronged approach wherein the legitimacy, suitability, and necessity of a decision ...