Introduction: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) have an estimated global prevalence of 2–5% of births, but prevalence is reported to be as high as 15.5% for FASD in certain high-risk communities ...

Alcohol is one of the commonest illicit psychoactive substances consumed globally and is the world's third largest risk factor for disease and disability. It has been reported to have multiple effects ...

During the tightly regulated gastrulation, embryonic cells differentiate into the three germ layers – endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm – which eventually give rise to all tissues and organs. The late, ...

In addition to endodermal and mesodermal cells, alcohol causes changes in DNA methylation in ectodermal cells (in blue), from which the nervous system and brain develop. During the tightly regulated ...

Exposure to alcohol during the first weeks of embryonic development changes gene activity and cellular metabolism. In laboratory cultures, it was found that the first cells of the nervous system are ...

Introduction: In adolescents, the relationship between alcohol-related blackouts (ARBs) and distinct cognitive changes lasting beyond intoxication is unclear. We examined ARBs as a predictor of ...

Introduction: The association between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular events differs according to the presence or absence of cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension or dyslipidemia.

In a cross-sectional observation on 2133 middle-aged healthy men, serum creatinine was decreased and creatinine clearance (Ccr) calculated by Cockcroft and Gault formula was increased with increases ...

Recent data shows that more than 500,000 women in the US report drinking during pregnancy, with about 20 percent of this population admitting to binge drinking. Even one episode of heavy drinking can ...