TOKYO -- The United Nations has proclaimed 2014 the International Year of Crystallography to commemorate 100 years since the discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals. That discovery led ...

X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a powerful non-destructive analytical technique used to evaluate crystalline materials and determine their structural properties. As one of the most widely used ...

X-ray crystallography, like mass spectroscopy and nuclear spectroscopy, is an extremely useful material characterization technique that is unfortunately hard for amateurs to perform. The physical ...

X-rays, a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths from 0.01 to 10 nanometers, pack enough energy to pierce materials and interact with inner-shell electrons. 1 When they hit a sample, ...

Using ultrahigh-intensity x-ray beams can cause the intensity of diffraction patterns from samples to drop Figure 1: An x-ray diffraction pattern obtained from a sample of Martian soil. X-ray ...

X-ray diffraction (XRD) is an analytical method that probes the periodic arrangement of atoms in crystalline materials by measuring the angular distribution and intensity of X-rays scattered by the ...