Before we proceed to calculate a unit vector, it’s important to comprehend its underlying concept. A unit vector is primarily utilized to specify the direction of an arbitrary vector without being ...

A unit vector is a vector that has a magnitude of 1 and points in a specific direction. It is a vital concept in physics, engineering, and computer graphics as it simplifies many calculations. This ...

Abstract: This paper proposed a new attitude and vertical position smoother by using unit direction vector representation. The main motivation of this method is attitude can be estimated ...