A walk in the woods this time of year is different. It’s quiet and monochromatic. Other than the crunch of your shoes on frozen ground, there isn’t as much to see or hear as a forest in spring or ...

The center of a tree or shrub stem (from roots to trunk, branches, and twigs) is woody, composed of xylem cells that conduct water from the roots to the upper parts of the tree. That woody section is ...

Most people tend to overlook tree bark as rather uninteresting, at best. It’s too bad, because bark is a fascinating and often attractive plant “invention,” and is actually rather complex in its ...