Abstract: Earthing plays an important role in the safe and reliable operation of an electric network. The choice of earthing system, in both medium voltage (MV) and low voltage (LV) networks, depends ...

Abstract: This paper presents safety analysis of TN-S and TN-C-S earthing system considering different sizes of cable and protective earthing conductor (PEC). For this purpose, touch voltage and ...

This paper presents and tests three earthing systems (TT, TN and IT) for Micro-Grid (MG) protection against various fault types when the MG transferred to the islanding mode. The main contribution of ...

The ESP32 is the central microcontroller used in the system. It is a powerful, dual-core processor with integrated Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities. The ESP32 enables real-time processing of sensor ...