Announcing a new article publication for Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications journal. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often encounter cardiovascular complications, most commonly ...

It has been well established that the elderly brain is more vulnerable to the adverse effects of surgery and anesthesia compared with the younger brain. Both anecdotally and in clinical investigation, ...

A recent neuropsychological evaluation diagnosis impugned several controversial theories about anesthesia and cognitive decline. As a medicinal therapy to relieve pain and brain dysfunction, ...