Clock signals provide reference timing to every integrated circuit and electrical system. Consumer applications typically use simple quartz crystals for reference clock generation. Other applications, ...

Phase-Locked Loops (PLLs) are commonly used to perform a variety of clock processing tasks, such as clock frequency multiplication and clock deskewing. PLLs, like many other analog IP macros, come ...

The performance of analogue phase-locked loops (PLLs) has steadily improved with operating frequencies extending to 8GHz and beyond. Recently, digital PLLs based on direct digital synthesis (DDS) have ...

Editor's Note: Although the primary target market for the 86100CU-400 application presented below is for ASIC/SoC designs, I'm assured by the folks at Agilent that this application is also applicable ...

THE GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM is a marvel of science and engineering. It has become so ubiquitous that we are starting to take it for granted. Receivers are everywhere. In our vehicle satnav units, in ...

A PLL (phase-locked loop) is perhaps the most widely used analog circuit in SOCs (system-on-a-chip). Almost all SOCs with a clock rate over 30MHz use a PLL for frequency synthesis. Most SOCs use more ...

Behavioral modeling and simulation of a PLL based integer n frequency synthesizer has been illustrated in this paper. The synthesizer generates a signal of 5.15-5.25GHz in the UNII (Unlicensed ...

Microwave frequency generation has posed significant challenges to engineers over the years, requiring in-depth knowledge of analog, digital, and radio frequency (RF) and microwave ...

The efficacy and efficiency of modern electronic devices often depend on their signal noise and jitter. Jitter is the fluctuation or deviation of the signal waveform in a high-frequency digital signal ...