For decades, the idea of people living on Mars has felt like a distant fantasy, limited by the brutal cost of hauling ...

According to a Mars colonization simulation conducted by a team of American researchers using a model imitating Mars, the minimum initial population for successful colonization is only ``22 people.'' ...

In an interview earlier this year, Elon Musk, the CEO of SpaceX and Tesla, delivered a sobering assessment of Earth’s future, suggesting it may not be able to support humanity for much longer. SpaceX ...

For years, popular culture has treated a human settlement on Mars as an almost inevitable next chapter, a matter of engineering and willpower rather than fundamental limits. Astrophysicist Neil ...