The lithosphere is the rigid, outermost, rocky shell of the Earth. It is composed of the crust and the top part of the mantle, called the lithospheric mantle. This extends around 40 to 280 kilometers ...

(n.) The outer part of the solid earth, the portion undergoing change through the gradual transfer of material by volcanic eruption, the circulation of underground water, and the process of erosion ...

(n.) The outer part of the solid earth, the portion undergoing change through the gradual transfer of material by volcanic eruption, the circulation of underground water, and the process of erosion ...

The stable continents have a puzzling structure. Recent seismological studies have revealed a marked drop in seismic velocity at middle-lithosphere depths, but a generally small velocity drop at the ...

The lithosphere is the layer of Earth we call home. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s how it works. The lithosphere is the outermost layer of ...

The origin of seismic wave attenuation observed in the oceanic asthenosphere is key to understanding the low viscosity of the asthenosphere and how it enables the relative motion of tectonic plates ...