Identification by a step signal of a proportional control loop, which is defined as follows: where u is the input (test) signal; x – the resulting signal (recall) of the investigated loop; a0 and b0 ...

Abstract: Interactive learning tools are increasingly used to visually convey complex concepts, enhancing students’ understanding and engagement during the learning process. This paper presents an ...

To obtain the online solution of complex-valued systems of linear equation in complex domain with higher precision and higher convergence rate, a new neural network based on Zhang neural network (ZNN) ...