The driving force behind the switch from incandescent lighting to LED technology is to gain power efficiency and longer life. However, the cost of LED assemblies is much higher than incandescent and ...

Since the earliest versions of indoor LED light bulbs were developed, their designers have faced a variety of technical challenges. These include AC-to-DC power conversion, thermal design/heat-sinking ...

As their production costs fall, LEDs are being used more often in applications ranging from handheld devices to automotive and architectural lighting. Their high reliability (operational lifetimes of ...