Innate immunity constitutes the body’s first line of defence against invading pathogens. This ancient, evolutionarily conserved system is activated within minutes of encountering foreign agents, ...

Humans are protected by two branches of the immune system. Innate immunity provides built-in defense against widespread characteristics of bacteria and viruses, while adaptive immunity memorizes ...

Trained immunity provides a unifying framework linking innate immune memory to both protective and maladaptive inflammation across neurological diseases, offering new insights into disease mechanisms ...

The BCG vaccine protects against tuberculosis, but by inducing trained immunity it also protects against many more respiratory infections. International research led by the Radboudumc shows how this ...

When a transplanted organ arrives, it’s like a controlled burn that risks becoming a wildfire. The body’s innate immune system senses damage signals, like heat shock proteins (HSP70), and sounds the ...

Our immune system is divided into two main branches: innate and adaptive. Innate immune cells act as a first line of defense, quickly responding to invaders, while adaptive immune cells take a longer ...

Researchers from Penn’s School of Dental Medicine discovered that training the innate immune system may lead to increased bone loss in inflammatory conditions such as periodontitis and arthritis.

Brain-meningeal immunity is increasingly recognized as a central player in the complex network of interactions within the central nervous system (CNS).