The accelerated digitization of today’s classroom impacts every aspect of instruction–from attendance to summative assessment and everything in between. As educators have shifted to the hybrid ...

なぜ「よいフィードバック」は誤解されるのか？――形成的評価の本質に迫る 🔍 本論文を読む目的（問い） 形成的評価の有効性が認知されつつある一方で、「フィードバックの質」については十分に理解されないまま、形式的な方法論として現場に導入さ ...

形成的アセスメントの「効果」とは何か？──学生の声と教員の省察から読み解く 形成的アセスメントの効果を、どのように分析すればよいのか？ 私自身、研究を進めるなかで、「成果は何をもって判断するのか？」という問いに直面していた。学力向上 ...

Formative assessment plays a central role in effective teaching. It is not something done at the end of instruction, but rather a continuous process woven into the learning itself. As Bell and Cowie ...

Evidence is gathered about student achievement or understanding. The information allows the instructor or learner to alter future instructional steps. It is done to improve learning outcomes (Black & ...

I love hyphens. Always have. Always will. If used properly, hyphens make things easier to read. This is because hyphenated words let readers know there’s something still coming in a phrase that’s ...

1 The National Research Center for Giftedness and Creativity, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia 2 Faculty of Educational Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan This study aimed to ...

Corrected: An earlier version of this study incorrectly described the 1998 study by Paul Black and Dylan Wiliam. It is a literature review. If you ask five teachers what formative assessment is, ...