In addition to surface and subsurface defects, residual stress represents a concern. Over time, these stress points, ...

Researchers have tested eight stand-alone deep learning methods for PV cell fault detection and have found that their accuracy was as high as 73%. All methods were trained and tested on the ELPV ...

Metrology is the science of measuring, characterizing, and analyzing materials. Within metrology, there are several technologies used to detect material defects on a very small scale – precision on ...

On the technology spectrum, railroads would certainly seem to skew toward the brutally simplistic side of things. A couple of strips of steel, some wooden ties and gravel ballast to keep everything in ...

Defect inspection scientists from Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology and The Chinese University of Hong Kong make a thorough review of new perspectives and ...