Contingency Management (CM) is a behavioral treatment model that is based on operant conditioning and uses positive reinforcement to modify behavior. Developed in the 1980s and 1990s for substance use ...

Substance use disorders have contributed to an alarming decline in life expectancy in the United States. In 2018, approximately 130 people died every day from an opioid overdose. Many others died from ...

An approach called contingency management rewards drug users with money and prizes for staying abstinent. But few programs offer it, in part because of moral objections to the concept. By Abby ...

Bernard Groves has spent five years trying to quit methamphetamine. He lost his job. He lost his car. He nearly lost his apartment. Worse than that, he says, his addiction has hurt his family. “I went ...

Early recovery from drug addiction to opioids and stimulants is physically and mentally demanding, and a long road to recovery. “During the early stages of addiction recovery there is typically not ...