The complement system has more than 50 soluble and membrane-bound proteins. In innate and adaptive immunity, complement is essential for eliminating foreign pathogens and apoptotic cells. It is also ...

When a transplanted organ arrives, it’s like a controlled burn that risks becoming a wildfire. The body’s innate immune system senses damage signals, like heat shock proteins (HSP70), and sounds the ...

This article was published in Scientific American’s former blog network and reflects the views of the author, not necessarily those of Scientific American The very first line of defence against any ...

Researchers have deciphered the complex interplay of various enzymes around the innate immune receptor toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), which plays an important role in defending our bodies against ...

Akira innate immunity group has been studying the roles of Toll-like receptors and signaling, mainly by generating the knockout mice and analyzing them. Up to now, eleven members of the TLR family ...

Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2008;4(3):379-390. Since there are no genetic deficiencies of CRP in man, animal models have been used to study the role of CRP in inflammatory disease. Two methods have been ...

Humans are protected by two branches of the immune system. Innate immunity provides built-in defense against widespread characteristics of bacteria and viruses, while adaptive immunity memorizes ...

Phospholipases PLA1, PLA2, PLC, and PLD hydrolyze phospholipids to produce corresponding lysophospholipids and fatty acids. Red arrows indicate the corresponding hydrolysis sites. B) Phospholipases ...

In several disease conditions, including infections and cancers, innate immune activation and nutrient scarcity occur together. A study from St. Jude Children's Research Hospital published today in ...