ヒト細胞のコドン（遺伝暗号）に隠された暗号を解明 －ヒトコドン最適化制御による治療戦略の開発へ－ 竹内理 医学研究科教授らの研究グループは、ヒト細胞において、遺伝暗号であるコドンの偏りが、メッセンジャーRNA（mRNA）の安定性を制御し ...

The 21st amino acid, selenocysteine, is specified by the genetic code through redefinition of the meaning of certain UGA codons that otherwise encode “stop.” In selenocysteine-containing enzymes this ...

The genetic code is not frozen. Genetic code variations found in microorganisms include codon bias, codon reassignment, ambiguous decoding and natural genetic code expansion. Codon bias, which is ...

A schematic representation of the role of eIF1 and eIF5 in regulating stringency of start codon selection in eukaryotes. (Left) mRNA with the mORF AUG start codon in suboptimal context (mAUG*). (Right ...

The genetic code has been proposed to be a ‘frozen accident,’ but the discovery of alternative genetic codes over the past four decades has shown that it can evolve to some degree. Since most examples ...

Crack open a biology textbook and you will find a standard icon of molecular biology: the table summarizing the standard genetic code. This refers to the set of rules by which the cell "decodes" the ...

The encoding of two non-universal amino acids involves dynamic redefinition of 'stop' signals in the genetic code. Bacteria with multiple proteins containing these amino acids add to our appreciation ...