A study comparing fossil skulls and great ape anatomy reveals how temporal lobes evolved in response to social complexity and environmental shifts. Fossil Homo sapiens had smaller temporal lobes ...

Leuven, 14 February 2025 – In a new study published in Science, a Belgian research team explores how genetic switches controlling gene activity define brain cell types across species. They trained ...

The first hint of a brain developed on Earth around 600 million years ago, and now, some version of the organ can be found in nearly every animal in the world. Humans have the largest brain size ...

A fossil smaller than a human fingernail has revealed a complete ancient brain, turning a speck of stone into a detailed map of early animal evolution. Encased inside this tiny creature are preserved ...

A new study from Northwestern University is reshaping how scientists think about brain evolution. The research suggests that the gut microbiome does more than aid digestion. It may also influence how ...