Patents applied by private firms occasionally cite scientific papers. We regard these citations as a signal that the research project of the applying firms involves basic research, and examine the ...

Isobel Ronai does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their ...

This appendix contains definitions of basic, applied, and fundamental research quoted from various sources. DOD Financial Management Regulation, DOD 7000.14-R, Vol. 2B, Ch. 5: Basic research is ...

Across scientific disciplines, psychology being no exception, a distinction is often made between basic and applied research. Basic research, as this distinction goes, is ivory-tower research, with no ...