What is X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS)? X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) is a powerful analytical technique that probes the local atomic and electronic structure of materials by measuring the ...

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy have emerged as complementary techniques that enable the precise characterisation of materials at the nanoscale. AFM provides ...

Transitions between different electronic energy levels in elements occur at unique energies and intensities, giving each element a distinctive emission spectrum. When the energy of an incident photon ...