1• Objectives of the training, expected outcomes and review of the agenda. 2• Principles of spectroscopy. 3 • Principles & operation of AAS. Laboratory session 4. Learning components of AAS, i.e.

Due to increasing environmental pollutants and global industrialization, food and water safety have become crucial concerns today. Ensuring that consumables are free from harmful contaminants is a ...

The basic principles of AAS can be expressed as follows. Firstly, all atoms or ions can absorb light at specific, unique wavelengths. When a sample containing copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni), for example, ...

Fossil fuels are widely used in automobiles, industry, and power plants, but due to excessive use they are depleting at a rapid rate. This has prompted a search for renewable, sustainable, and ...

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