SAE Transactions, Vol. 112, Section 3: JOURNAL OF ENGINES (2003), pp. 124-134 (11 pages) An experimentally derived map of the engine volumetric efficiency is usually employed to control the A/F ratio ...
To understand 1D-3D CFD and 3D-1D CFD, we have reviewed the history of attempts at both loose and close coupling of 1D and 3D CFD codes, the motivations of engineers who did it, and the benefits to be ...